Jacob Wrestles with God

Genesis 32:22–32

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Berean Standard Bible

BSB and T4T shown with Greek annotations — · Why we show the Greek →

22During the night Jacob got up and took his two wives, his two maidservants, and his eleven sons, and crossed the ford of the Jabbok.

23He took them and sent them across the stream, along with all his possessions.

24So Jacob was left all alone, and there a man wrestled with him until daybreak.

25When the man saw that he could not overpower Jacob, he struck the socket of Jacob’s hip and dislocated it as they wrestled.

26Then the man said, “Let me go, for it is daybreak.” But Jacob replied, “I will not let you go unless you bless me.”

27“What is your name?” the man asked. “Jacob,” he replied.

28Then the man said, “Your name will no longer be Jacob, but Israel, because you have struggled with God and with men, and you have prevailed.”

29And Jacob requested, “Please tell me your name.” But he replied, “Why do you ask my name?” Then he blessed Jacob there.

30So Jacob named the place Peniel, saying, “Indeed, I have seen God face to face, and yet my life was spared.”

31The sun rose above him as he passed by Penuel, and he was limping because of his hip.

32Therefore to this day the Israelites do not eat the tendon attached to the socket of the hip, because the socket of Jacob’s hip was struck near that tendon.

King James Version

BSB and T4T shown with Greek annotations — · Why we show the Greek →

22And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his two womenservants, and his eleven sons, and passed over the ford Jabbok.

23And he took them, and sent them over the brook, and sent over that he had.

24And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day.

25And when he saw that he prevailed not against him, he touched the hollow of his thigh; and the hollow of Jacob’s thigh was out of joint, as he wrestled with him.

26And he said, Let me go, for the day breaketh. And he said, I will not let thee go, except thou bless me.

27And he said unto him, What is thy name? And he said, Jacob.

28And he said, Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but Israel: for as a prince hast thou power with God and with men, and hast prevailed.

29And Jacob asked him, and said, Tell me, I pray thee, thy name. And he said, Wherefore is it that thou dost ask after my name? And he blessed him there.

30And Jacob called the name of the place Peniel: for I have seen God face to face, and my life is preserved.

31And as he passed over Penuel the sun rose upon him, and he halted upon his thigh.

32Therefore the children of Israel eat not of the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day: because he touched the hollow of Jacob’s thigh in the sinew that shrank.

Translation for Translators

BSB and T4T shown with Greek annotations — · Why we show the Greek →

22Some time during that night, Jacob got up and took his two wives, his two female slaves, and his eleven sons and his daughter, and he sent them across the ford at the Jabbok River.

23After he had done that, he sent other slaves, carrying all his possessions, across the river.

24So Jacob was left there alone. But a man came and wrestled with him until dawn.

25When the man realized that he was not winning against Jacob, he struck Jacob’s hip and caused the thigh bone to pull away from the hip socket.

26Then the man said, “Let me go, because it will soon be daylight.” Then Jacob realized who he was really wrestling with. So he replied, “No, if you will not bless me, I will not let you go!”

27The man said to him, “What is your name?” He replied, “Jacob.”

28The man said, “Your name will no longer be Jacob. Your name will be Israel, which means ‘he struggles with God’, because you have struggled with God and with people, and you have won.”

29Jacob said, “Now, please tell me your name!” The man replied, “◄Why do you ask me what my name is?/You should not have to ask me what my name is!►” [RHQ] But he blessed Jacob there.

30So Jacob named the place Peniel, which means ‘God’s face’, saying “I looked directly at God, but I did not die because of doing that.”

31The sun was rising as Jacob left Peniel, and he was limping because of what had happened to his hip.

32The muscle on his hip joint had been injured. So to this present time, because of what happened to Jacob, the Israeli people do not eat the muscle/tendon that is attached to the socket of the hips of animals.

Berean Standard Bible

King James Version

BSB and T4T shown with Greek annotations — · Why we show the Greek →

During the night Jacob got up and took his two wives, his two maidservants, and his eleven sons, and crossed the ford of the Jabbok.

And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his two womenservants, and his eleven sons, and passed over the ford Jabbok.

He took them and sent them across the stream, along with all his possessions.

And he took them, and sent them over the brook, and sent over that he had.

So Jacob was left all alone, and there a man wrestled with him until daybreak.

And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day.

When the man saw that he could not overpower Jacob, he struck the socket of Jacob’s hip and dislocated it as they wrestled.

And when he saw that he prevailed not against him, he touched the hollow of his thigh; and the hollow of Jacob’s thigh was out of joint, as he wrestled with him.

Then the man said, “Let me go, for it is daybreak.” But Jacob replied, “I will not let you go unless you bless me.”

And he said, Let me go, for the day breaketh. And he said, I will not let thee go, except thou bless me.

“What is your name?” the man asked. “Jacob,” he replied.

And he said unto him, What is thy name? And he said, Jacob.

Then the man said, “Your name will no longer be Jacob, but Israel, because you have struggled with God and with men, and you have prevailed.”

And he said, Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but Israel: for as a prince hast thou power with God and with men, and hast prevailed.

And Jacob requested, “Please tell me your name.” But he replied, “Why do you ask my name?” Then he blessed Jacob there.

And Jacob asked him, and said, Tell me, I pray thee, thy name. And he said, Wherefore is it that thou dost ask after my name? And he blessed him there.

So Jacob named the place Peniel, saying, “Indeed, I have seen God face to face, and yet my life was spared.”

And Jacob called the name of the place Peniel: for I have seen God face to face, and my life is preserved.

The sun rose above him as he passed by Penuel, and he was limping because of his hip.

And as he passed over Penuel the sun rose upon him, and he halted upon his thigh.

Therefore to this day the Israelites do not eat the tendon attached to the socket of the hip, because the socket of Jacob’s hip was struck near that tendon.

Therefore the children of Israel eat not of the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day: because he touched the hollow of Jacob’s thigh in the sinew that shrank.

Berean Standard Bible

King James Version

Translation for Translators

BSB and T4T shown with Greek annotations — · Why we show the Greek →

During the night Jacob got up and took his two wives, his two maidservants, and his eleven sons, and crossed the ford of the Jabbok.

And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his two womenservants, and his eleven sons, and passed over the ford Jabbok.

Some time during that night, Jacob got up and took his two wives, his two female slaves, and his eleven sons and his daughter, and he sent them across the ford at the Jabbok River.

He took them and sent them across the stream, along with all his possessions.

And he took them, and sent them over the brook, and sent over that he had.

After he had done that, he sent other slaves, carrying all his possessions, across the river.

So Jacob was left all alone, and there a man wrestled with him until daybreak.

And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day.

So Jacob was left there alone. But a man came and wrestled with him until dawn.

When the man saw that he could not overpower Jacob, he struck the socket of Jacob’s hip and dislocated it as they wrestled.

And when he saw that he prevailed not against him, he touched the hollow of his thigh; and the hollow of Jacob’s thigh was out of joint, as he wrestled with him.

When the man realized that he was not winning against Jacob, he struck Jacob’s hip and caused the thigh bone to pull away from the hip socket.

Then the man said, “Let me go, for it is daybreak.” But Jacob replied, “I will not let you go unless you bless me.”

And he said, Let me go, for the day breaketh. And he said, I will not let thee go, except thou bless me.

Then the man said, “Let me go, because it will soon be daylight.” Then Jacob realized who he was really wrestling with. So he replied, “No, if you will not bless me, I will not let you go!”

“What is your name?” the man asked. “Jacob,” he replied.

And he said unto him, What is thy name? And he said, Jacob.

The man said to him, “What is your name?” He replied, “Jacob.”

Then the man said, “Your name will no longer be Jacob, but Israel, because you have struggled with God and with men, and you have prevailed.”

And he said, Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but Israel: for as a prince hast thou power with God and with men, and hast prevailed.

The man said, “Your name will no longer be Jacob. Your name will be Israel, which means ‘he struggles with God’, because you have struggled with God and with people, and you have won.”

And Jacob requested, “Please tell me your name.” But he replied, “Why do you ask my name?” Then he blessed Jacob there.

And Jacob asked him, and said, Tell me, I pray thee, thy name. And he said, Wherefore is it that thou dost ask after my name? And he blessed him there.

Jacob said, “Now, please tell me your name!” The man replied, “◄Why do you ask me what my name is?/You should not have to ask me what my name is!►” [RHQ] But he blessed Jacob there.

So Jacob named the place Peniel, saying, “Indeed, I have seen God face to face, and yet my life was spared.”

And Jacob called the name of the place Peniel: for I have seen God face to face, and my life is preserved.

So Jacob named the place Peniel, which means ‘God’s face’, saying “I looked directly at God, but I did not die because of doing that.”

The sun rose above him as he passed by Penuel, and he was limping because of his hip.

And as he passed over Penuel the sun rose upon him, and he halted upon his thigh.

The sun was rising as Jacob left Peniel, and he was limping because of what had happened to his hip.

Therefore to this day the Israelites do not eat the tendon attached to the socket of the hip, because the socket of Jacob’s hip was struck near that tendon.

Therefore the children of Israel eat not of the sinew which shrank, which is upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this day: because he touched the hollow of Jacob’s thigh in the sinew that shrank.

The muscle on his hip joint had been injured. So to this present time, because of what happened to Jacob, the Israeli people do not eat the muscle/tendon that is attached to the socket of the hips of animals.

WLC

Hebrew, word by word

וַיָּ֣קָם abide קוּם qûwm a primitive root; to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative) abide, accomplish, [idiom] be clearer, confirm, continue, decr ׀ בַּלַּ֣יְלָה night לַיִל layil or (Isaiah 21:11) לֵיל; also לַיְלָה; from the same as H3883 (לוּל); properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e. night; figuratively, adversity (mid-)night (sea ה֗וּא he הוּא hûwʼ of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is הִיא; a primitive word, the third person pronoun singular; he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or with וַיִּקַּ֞ח accept לָקַח lâqach a primitive root; to take (in the widest variety of applications) accept, bring, buy, carry away, drawn, fetch, get, infold, [idiom] many, mingle, place, receiv אֶת apparent contracted אֵת ʼêth apparent contracted from H226 (אוֹת) in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb ־ שְׁתֵּ֤י both שְׁנַיִם shᵉnayim dual of H8145 (שֵׁנִי); feminine שְׁתַּיִם; two; also (as ordinal) twofold both, couple, double, second, twain, [phrase] twelfth, [phrase] twelve, [phrase] twen נָשָׁיו֙ ess אִשָּׁה ʼishshâh feminine of H376 (אִישׁ) or H582 (אֱנוֹשׁ); irregular plural, נָשִׁים;(used in the same wide sense as H582 (אֱנוֹשׁ)) a woman (adulter) ess, each, every, female וְאֶת apparent contracted אֵת ʼêth apparent contracted from H226 (אוֹת) in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb ־ שְׁתֵּ֣י both שְׁנַיִם shᵉnayim dual of H8145 (שֵׁנִי); feminine שְׁתַּיִם; two; also (as ordinal) twofold both, couple, double, second, twain, [phrase] twelfth, [phrase] twelve, [phrase] twen שִׁפְחֹתָ֔יו maid שִׁפְחָה shiphchâh feminine from an unused root meaning to spread out (as a family; see H4940 (מִשְׁפָּחָה)); a female slave (as a member of the household) (bond-, hand-) maid(-en וְאֶת apparent contracted אֵת ʼêth apparent contracted from H226 (אוֹת) in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb ־ אַחַ֥ד alike אֶחָד ʼechâd a numeral from H258 (אָחַד); properly, united, i.e. one; or (as an ordinal) first a, alike, alone, altogether, and, any(-thing), apiece, a certain, (dai-) ly, e עָשָׂ֖ר teen עָשָׂר ʻâsâr for H6235 (עֶשֶׂר); ten (only in combination), i.e. -teen; also (ordinal) -teenth (eigh-, fif-, four-, nine-, seven-, six-, thir-) teen(-th), [phrase] eleven(-t יְלָדָ֑יו son יֶלֶד yeled from H3205 (יָלַד); something born, i.e. a lad or offspring boy, child, fruit, son, young man (one). וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֔ר alienate עָבַר ʻâbar a primitive root; to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to co אֵ֖ת apparent contracted אֵת ʼêth apparent contracted from H226 (אוֹת) in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb מַעֲבַ֥ר ford מַעֲבָר maʻăbâr or feminine מַעֲבָרָה; from H5674 (עָבַר); a crossing-place (of a river, a ford; of a mountain, a pass); abstractly, a transit, i.e. (figuratively) overwhelming יַבֹּֽק Jabbok יַבֹּק Yabbôq probably from H1238 (בָּקַק); pouring forth; Jabbok, a river east of the Jordan Jabbok. ׃

During the night Jacob got up and took his two wives, his two maidservants, and his eleven sons, and crossed the ford of the Jabbok.

וַיִּקָּחֵ֔ם accept לָקַח lâqach a primitive root; to take (in the widest variety of applications) accept, bring, buy, carry away, drawn, fetch, get, infold, [idiom] many, mingle, place, receiv וַיַּֽעֲבִרֵ֖ם alienate עָבַר ʻâbar a primitive root; to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to co אֶת apparent contracted אֵת ʼêth apparent contracted from H226 (אוֹת) in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb ־ הַנָּ֑חַל brook נַחַל nachal or (feminine) נַחְלָה; (Psalm 124:4), or נַחֲלָה; (Ezekiel 47:19; Ezekiel 48:28), from H5157 (נָחַל) in its original sense; a stream, especially a winter torren וַֽיַּעֲבֵ֖ר alienate עָבַר ʻâbar a primitive root; to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to co אֶת apparent contracted אֵת ʼêth apparent contracted from H226 (אוֹת) in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb ־ אֲשֶׁר as אֲשֶׁר ʼăsher a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order tha ־לוֹ ׃

He took them and sent them across the stream, along with all his possessions.

וַיִּוָּתֵ֥ר excel יָתַר yâthar a primitive root; to jut over or exceed; by implication, to excel; (intransitively) to remain or be left; causatively, to leave, cause to abound, preserve excel יַעֲקֹ֖ב Jacob יַעֲקֹב Yaʻăqôb from H6117 (עָקַב); heel-catcher (i.e. supplanter); Jaakob, the Israelitish patriarch Jacob. לְבַדּ֑וֹ alone בַּד bad from H909 (בָּדַד); properly, separation; by implication, a part of the body, branch of atree, bar forcarrying; figuratively, chief of a city; especially (with וַיֵּאָבֵ֥ק wrestle אָבַק ʼâbaq a primitive root, probably to float away (as vapor), but used only as denominative from H80 (אָבָק); to bedust, i.e. grapple wrestle. אִישׁ֙ man אִישׁ ʼîysh contracted for H582 (אֱנוֹשׁ) (or perhaps rather from an unused root meaning to be extant); a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to עִמּ֔וֹ accompanying עִם ʻim from H6004 (עָמַם); adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix עַ֖ד against עַד ʻad properly, the same as H5703 (עַד) (used as a preposition, adverb or conjunction; especially with a preposition); as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space עֲל֥וֹת light עָלָה ʻâlâh a primitive root; to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative aris הַשָּֽׁחַר light שַׁחַר shachar from H7836 (שָׁחַר); dawn (literal, figurative or adverbial) day(-spring), early, light, morning, whence riseth. ׃

So Jacob was left all alone, and there a man wrestled with him until daybreak.

וַיַּ֗רְא advise self רָאָה râʼâh a primitive root; to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative) advise self, appear, כִּ֣י and כִּי kîy a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widel לֹ֤א ere לֹא lôʼ or לוֹא; or לֹה; (Deuteronomy 3:11), a primitive particle; not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles [idiom] before יָכֹל֙ be able יָכֹל yâkôl or (fuller) יָכוֹל; a primitive root; to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might) be able, any at all (ways), attain, can (away with, (-not)), co ל֔וֹ וַיִּגַּ֖ע beat נָגַע nâgaʻ a primitive root; properly, to touch, i.e. lay the hand upon (for any purpose; euphemistically, to lie with a woman); by implication, to reach (figuratively, to בְּכַף branch כַּף kaph from H3721 (כָּפַף); the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves ־ יְרֵכ֑וֹ loins יָרֵךְ yârêk from an unused root meaning to be soft; the thigh (from its fleshy softness); by euphemistically the generative parts; figuratively, a shank, flank, side [idiom וַתֵּ֙קַע֙ be alienated יָקַע yâqaʻ a primitive root; properly, to sever oneself, i.e. (by implication) to be dislocated; figuratively, to abandon; causatively, to impale (and thus allow to drop t כַּף branch כַּף kaph from H3721 (כָּפַף); the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves ־ יֶ֣רֶךְ loins יָרֵךְ yârêk from an unused root meaning to be soft; the thigh (from its fleshy softness); by euphemistically the generative parts; figuratively, a shank, flank, side [idiom יַעֲקֹ֔ב Jacob יַעֲקֹב Yaʻăqôb from H6117 (עָקַב); heel-catcher (i.e. supplanter); Jaakob, the Israelitish patriarch Jacob. בְּהֵֽאָבְק֖וֹ wrestle אָבַק ʼâbaq a primitive root, probably to float away (as vapor), but used only as denominative from H80 (אָבָק); to bedust, i.e. grapple wrestle. עִמּֽוֹ accompanying עִם ʻim from H6004 (עָמַם); adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix ׃

When the man saw that he could not overpower Jacob, he struck the socket of Jacob’s hip and dislocated it as they wrestled.

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר name אָמַר ʼâmar a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude) answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command( שַׁלְּחֵ֔נִי appoint שָׁלַח shâlach a primitive root; to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications) [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring (on the way), cast (away, out), conduct, [idio כִּ֥י and כִּי kîy a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widel עָלָ֖ה light עָלָה ʻâlâh a primitive root; to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative aris הַשָּׁ֑חַר light שַׁחַר shachar from H7836 (שָׁחַר); dawn (literal, figurative or adverbial) day(-spring), early, light, morning, whence riseth. וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ name אָמַר ʼâmar a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude) answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command( לֹ֣א ere לֹא lôʼ or לוֹא; or לֹה; (Deuteronomy 3:11), a primitive particle; not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles [idiom] before אֲשַֽׁלֵּחֲךָ֔ appoint שָׁלַח shâlach a primitive root; to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications) [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring (on the way), cast (away, out), conduct, [idio כִּ֖י and כִּי kîy a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widel אִם either אִם ʼim a primitive particle; used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, ־ בֵּרַכְתָּֽנִי blaspheme בָרַךְ bârak a primitive root; to kneel; by implication to bless God (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (God or the ׃

Then the man said, “Let me go, for it is daybreak.” But Jacob replied, “I will not let you go unless you bless me.”

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר name אָמַר ʼâmar a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude) answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command( אֵלָ֖יו about אֵל ʼêl (but only used in the shortened constructive form אֶל ); a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, מַה how מָה mâh or מַה; or מָ; or מַ; also מֶה; a primitive particle; properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), o ־ שְּׁמֶ֑ךָ fame שֵׁם shêm a primitive word (perhaps rather from through the idea of definite and conspicuous position; compare H8064 (שָׁמַיִם)); an appellation, as amark or memorial of וַיֹּ֖אמֶר name אָמַר ʼâmar a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude) answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command( יַעֲקֹֽב Jacob יַעֲקֹב Yaʻăqôb from H6117 (עָקַב); heel-catcher (i.e. supplanter); Jaakob, the Israelitish patriarch Jacob. ׃

“What is your name?” the man asked. “Jacob,” he replied.

וַיֹּ֗אמֶר name אָמַר ʼâmar a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude) answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command( לֹ֤א ere לֹא lôʼ or לוֹא; or לֹה; (Deuteronomy 3:11), a primitive particle; not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles [idiom] before יַעֲקֹב֙ Jacob יַעֲקֹב Yaʻăqôb from H6117 (עָקַב); heel-catcher (i.e. supplanter); Jaakob, the Israelitish patriarch Jacob. יֵאָמֵ֥ר name אָמַר ʼâmar a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude) answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command( עוֹד֙ again עוֹד ʻôwd or עֹד; from H5749 (עוּד); properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more again, [idiom שִׁמְךָ֔ fame שֵׁם shêm a primitive word (perhaps rather from through the idea of definite and conspicuous position; compare H8064 (שָׁמַיִם)); an appellation, as amark or memorial of כִּ֖י and כִּי kîy a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widel אִם either אִם ʼim a primitive particle; used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, ־ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל Israel יִשְׂרָאֵל Yisrâʼêl from H8280 (שָׂרָה) and H410 (אֵל); he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity Israel. כִּֽי and כִּי kîy a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widel ־ שָׂרִ֧יתָ have power שָׂרָה sârâh a primitive root; to prevail have power (as a prince). עִם accompanying עִם ʻim from H6004 (עָמַם); adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix ־ אֱלֹהִ֛ים God אֱלֹהִים ʼĕlôhîym plural of H433 (אֱלוֹהַּ); gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally וְעִם accompanying עִם ʻim from H6004 (עָמַם); adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix ־ אֲנָשִׁ֖ים man אִישׁ ʼîysh contracted for H582 (אֱנוֹשׁ) (or perhaps rather from an unused root meaning to be extant); a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to וַתּוּכָֽל be able יָכֹל yâkôl or (fuller) יָכוֹל; a primitive root; to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might) be able, any at all (ways), attain, can (away with, (-not)), co ׃

Then the man said, “Your name will no longer be Jacob, but Israel, because you have struggled with God and with men, and you have prevailed.”

וַיִּשְׁאַ֣ל ask שָׁאַל shâʼal or שָׁאֵל; a primitive root; to inquire; by implication, to request; by extension, to demand ask (counsel, on), beg, borrow, lay to charge, consult, demand, des יַעֲקֹ֗ב Jacob יַעֲקֹב Yaʻăqôb from H6117 (עָקַב); heel-catcher (i.e. supplanter); Jaakob, the Israelitish patriarch Jacob. וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ name אָמַר ʼâmar a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude) answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command( הַגִּֽידָה bewray נָגַד nâgad a primitive root; properly, to front, i.e. stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mo ־ נָּ֣א beseech thee נָא nâʼ a primitive particle of incitement and entreaty, which may usually be rendered; 'I pray', 'now', or 'then'; added mostly to verbs (in the Imperative or Future), שְׁמֶ֔ךָ fame שֵׁם shêm a primitive word (perhaps rather from through the idea of definite and conspicuous position; compare H8064 (שָׁמַיִם)); an appellation, as amark or memorial of וַיֹּ֕אמֶר name אָמַר ʼâmar a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude) answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command( לָ֥מָּה how מָה mâh or מַה; or מָ; or מַ; also מֶה; a primitive particle; properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), o זֶּ֖ה he זֶה zeh a primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that he, [idiom] hence, [idiom] here, it(-self), [idiom] now, [idiom] of him, the one...the other תִּשְׁאַ֣ל ask שָׁאַל shâʼal or שָׁאֵל; a primitive root; to inquire; by implication, to request; by extension, to demand ask (counsel, on), beg, borrow, lay to charge, consult, demand, des לִשְׁמִ֑י fame שֵׁם shêm a primitive word (perhaps rather from through the idea of definite and conspicuous position; compare H8064 (שָׁמַיִם)); an appellation, as amark or memorial of וַיְבָ֥רֶךְ blaspheme בָרַךְ bârak a primitive root; to kneel; by implication to bless God (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (God or the אֹת֖וֹ apparent contracted אֵת ʼêth apparent contracted from H226 (אוֹת) in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb שָֽׁם in it שָׁם shâm a primitive particle (rather from the relative pronoun, H834 (אֲשֶׁר)); there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence in it, [phrase] thence, ther ׃

And Jacob requested, “Please tell me your name.” But he replied, “Why do you ask my name?” Then he blessed Jacob there.

וַיִּקְרָ֧א name קָרָא qârâʼ a primitive root (rather identical with H7122 (קָרָא) through the idea of accosting a person met); to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a יַעֲקֹ֛ב Jacob יַעֲקֹב Yaʻăqôb from H6117 (עָקַב); heel-catcher (i.e. supplanter); Jaakob, the Israelitish patriarch Jacob. שֵׁ֥ם fame שֵׁם shêm a primitive word (perhaps rather from through the idea of definite and conspicuous position; compare H8064 (שָׁמַיִם)); an appellation, as amark or memorial of הַמָּק֖וֹם country מָקוֹם mâqôwm or מָקֹם; also (feminine) מְקוֹמָה; or מְקֹמָה; from H6965 (קוּם); properly, a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also פְּנִיאֵ֑ל Peniel פְּנוּאֵל Pᵉnûwʼêl or (more properly,) פְּנִיאֵל; from H6437 (פָּנָה) and H410 (אֵל); face of God; Penuel or Peniel, a place East of Jordan; also (as Penuel) the name of two Israe כִּֽי and כִּי kîy a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widel ־ רָאִ֤יתִי advise self רָאָה râʼâh a primitive root; to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative) advise self, appear, אֱלֹהִים֙ God אֱלֹהִים ʼĕlôhîym plural of H433 (אֱלוֹהַּ); gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally פָּנִ֣ים fore פָּנִים pânîym plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun פָּנֶה; from H6437 (פָּנָה)); the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (lite אֶל about אֵל ʼêl (but only used in the shortened constructive form אֶל ); a primitive particle; properly, denoting motion towards, but occasionally used of a quiescent position, ־ פָּנִ֔ים fore פָּנִים pânîym plural (but always as singular) of an unused noun פָּנֶה; from H6437 (פָּנָה)); the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (lite וַתִּנָּצֵ֖ל defend נָצַל nâtsal a primitive root; to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense [idiom] at all, defend, deliver (self), escape, [idiom] without fail, part, pluck, preserve, נַפְשִֽׁי man נֶפֶשׁ nephesh from H5314 (נָפַשׁ); properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodi ׃

So Jacob named the place Peniel, saying, “Indeed, I have seen God face to face, and yet my life was spared.”

וַיִּֽזְרַֽח arise זָרַח zârach a primitive root; properly, to irradiate (or shoot forth beams), i.e. to rise (as the sun); specifically, to appear (as a symptom of leprosy) arise, rise (up), ־ל֣וֹ הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ sun שֶׁמֶשׁ shemesh from an unused root meaning to be brilliant; the sun; by implication, the east; figuratively, a ray, i.e. (architectural) a notched battlement [phrase] east sid כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר as אֲשֶׁר ʼăsher a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order tha עָבַ֖ר alienate עָבַר ʻâbar a primitive root; to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to co אֶת apparent contracted אֵת ʼêth apparent contracted from H226 (אוֹת) in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb ־ פְּנוּאֵ֑ל Peniel פְּנוּאֵל Pᵉnûwʼêl or (more properly,) פְּנִיאֵל; from H6437 (פָּנָה) and H410 (אֵל); face of God; Penuel or Peniel, a place East of Jordan; also (as Penuel) the name of two Israe וְה֥וּא he הוּא hûwʼ of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is הִיא; a primitive word, the third person pronoun singular; he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or with צֹלֵ֖עַ halt צָלַע tsâlaʻ a primitive root; probably to curve; used only as denominative from H6763 (צֵלָע), to limp (as if one-sided) halt. עַל above עַל ʻal properly, the same as H5920 (עַל) used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); above, over, ־ יְרֵכֽוֹ loins יָרֵךְ yârêk from an unused root meaning to be soft; the thigh (from its fleshy softness); by euphemistically the generative parts; figuratively, a shank, flank, side [idiom ׃

The sun rose above him as he passed by Penuel, and he was limping because of his hip.

עַל above עַל ʻal properly, the same as H5920 (עַל) used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); above, over, ־ כֵּ֡ן as as כֵּן kên from H3559 (כּוּן); properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications לֹֽא ere לֹא lôʼ or לוֹא; or לֹה; (Deuteronomy 3:11), a primitive particle; not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles [idiom] before ־ יֹאכְל֨וּ burn up אָכַל ʼâkal a primitive root; to eat (literally or figuratively) [idiom] at all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up), feed (with), food, [idiom] freely, [ בְנֵֽי man בֵּן bên from H1129 (בָּנָה); a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, ־ יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל Israel יִשְׂרָאֵל Yisrâʼêl from H8280 (שָׂרָה) and H410 (אֵל); he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity Israel. אֶת apparent contracted אֵת ʼêth apparent contracted from H226 (אוֹת) in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb ־ גִּ֣יד sinew גִּיד gîyd probably from H1464 (גּוּד); a thong (as compressing); by analogy, a tendon sinew. הַנָּשֶׁ֗ה which shrank נָשֶׁה nâsheh from H5382 (נָשָׁה), in the sense of failure; rheumatic or crippled (from the incident to Jacob) which shrank. אֲשֶׁר֙ as אֲשֶׁר ʼăsher a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order tha עַל above עַל ʻal properly, the same as H5920 (עַל) used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); above, over, ־ כַּ֣ף branch כַּף kaph from H3721 (כָּפַף); the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves הַיָּרֵ֔ךְ loins יָרֵךְ yârêk from an unused root meaning to be soft; the thigh (from its fleshy softness); by euphemistically the generative parts; figuratively, a shank, flank, side [idiom עַ֖ד against עַד ʻad properly, the same as H5703 (עַד) (used as a preposition, adverb or conjunction; especially with a preposition); as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space הַיּ֣וֹם life יוֹם yôwm from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a spa הַזֶּ֑ה he זֶה zeh a primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that he, [idiom] hence, [idiom] here, it(-self), [idiom] now, [idiom] of him, the one...the other כִּ֤י and כִּי kîy a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widel נָגַע֙ beat נָגַע nâgaʻ a primitive root; properly, to touch, i.e. lay the hand upon (for any purpose; euphemistically, to lie with a woman); by implication, to reach (figuratively, to בְּכַף branch כַּף kaph from H3721 (כָּפַף); the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves ־ יֶ֣רֶךְ loins יָרֵךְ yârêk from an unused root meaning to be soft; the thigh (from its fleshy softness); by euphemistically the generative parts; figuratively, a shank, flank, side [idiom יַעֲקֹ֔ב Jacob יַעֲקֹב Yaʻăqôb from H6117 (עָקַב); heel-catcher (i.e. supplanter); Jaakob, the Israelitish patriarch Jacob. בְּגִ֖יד sinew גִּיד gîyd probably from H1464 (גּוּד); a thong (as compressing); by analogy, a tendon sinew. הַנָּשֶֽׁה which shrank נָשֶׁה nâsheh from H5382 (נָשָׁה), in the sense of failure; rheumatic or crippled (from the incident to Jacob) which shrank. ׃

Therefore to this day the Israelites do not eat the tendon attached to the socket of the hip, because the socket of Jacob’s hip was struck near that tendon.

Functional Faith Reading

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